Electronic Commerce As Defined By Salvatore - 2622 Words

Research Paper – Electronic Commerce Frank Bentley BUSI 620-Global Economic Perspective Liberty University December 7, 2014 Introduction to Electronic Commerce Electronic commerce as defined by Salvatore (2013) â€Å"refers to the production, advertising, sale, and distribution of products and services from business to business and from business to consumer through the Internet† (p. 150). Consequently, e-commerce is now essential for businesses to be able to compete in the global marketplace. â€Å"E-commerce is now being used in all types of business, including manufacturing companies, retail stores, and service firms. E-commerce has made business processes more reliable and efficient† (Smith, K.T., 2011, p.3). this paper will outline those perspectives in regards to the origin of E-commerce, Business to Business E-commerce, Business to consumer E-commerce, Consumer to Consumer E-commerce, and legal environment of E-commerce. E-Commerce Origin E-commerce can be traced all the way back to the invention of the first computers in 1950. During the early stages many organizations didn’t have access to electronic data interchange due to it being relatively expense. In order for organizations to attain a competitive advantage, compete within their respective industry, or market, e-commerce needs to be implemented within the core business practice. As stated by Smith (2011), â€Å"E-commerce is now being utilized in all facets of business, including manufacturing companies, retailShow MoreRelated Internet - Challenges of B2B and B2C E-commerce Essay1291 Words   |  6 PagesB2C E-commerce E-commerce â€Å"is the exchange of money for goods or services between companies and/or end consumers† (Hemond-Wilson). The most common image of e-commerce â€Å"is that of a web-based catalogue from which buyers can order products and the sellers can receive payment† (Hemond-Wilson). E-commerce has two main forms, which are business-to-business, and business to consumer. B2B e-commerce â€Å"is business which is conducted between businesses via some electronic means† and B2C e-commerce â€Å"isRead MoreRico Act Essay1541 Words   |  7 Pagesothers to do or assisted them in doing. It closed a perceived loophole that allowed someone who told a man to commit a crime such as murder, to be exempt from the trial because they did not actually do it or were physically involved. Racketeering is defined as the process of forming or running an organization to operate or commit or otherwise execute ongoing criminal activities. For example the drug mafia planning and executing drug traffic in an organized manner. Such crimes are generally illegitimateRead MoreElectronic Commerce And E Commerce2337 Words   |  10 PagesElectronic Commerce Electronic Commerce Defined Salvatore (2013) defines electronic commerce or e-commerce stating, â€Å"E-commerce refers to the production, advertising, sale, and distribution of products and services from business to business and from business to consumer through the internet† (p. 150). These activities can take place in many environments between businesses and consumers. E-commerce has changed the way goods and services are exchanged and have given light to businesses and consumersRead MoreOvercoming Shyness6824 Words   |  28 Pages Introduction Definition of E-commerce The Internet is actually great spot to personal as well as perform a business idea by using e-commerce software. The range include places in which earnings tend to be loved within the being successful a long time. This is why it is often an expanding proven fact that actually big-time businesses are starting in order to expose their own things within the Internet. Electronic commerce(e-commerce) which has a multi million dollar potential Read MoreDecision Support System and Managerial Decision Making4565 Words   |  19 Pagescenter | Transnational (integrated network) | Decision making and knowledge generation distributed among units | â€Å"Decision Support System and Managerial Decision Making†, International Journal of Knowledge and Research in Management amp; E-Commerce Vol.1, Issue 1, Dr. VVR Raman, Dr. Veena Tewari, January 2011 2.3 - Capabilities offered by DSS: A DSS offers features that fill an organization’s several needs. 1. It has the capability of assisting decision-making in situations andRead MoreThe Impact of Educational Management Information System to Student of Computer Science in Nigeria Higher Institution of Learning4518 Words   |  19 Pagesthe nature and foundations of Information Systems which has its roots in other reference disciplines such as Computer Science, Engineering, Mathematics, Management Science, Cybernetics, and others.[29][30][31][32] Information systems also can be defined as a collection of hardware, software, data, people and procedures that work together to produce quality information. Information may also be given from the person or application. The Impact on Economic Models * Microeconomic theory model[clarificationRead MoreA Study On Higher Education9871 Words   |  40 Pagesmentioned Inmon’s definition of a DW, we have to provide Ralph Kimball [21] definition. As he is credited with creating the concept of â€Å"Data Marts†; a data mart is a subset of the DW that is usually focused on a department or a specific subject. Kimball defined a DW as: †¢ †a copy of transaction data specifically structured for query and analysis†. Obviously, this is a functional view of a DW; Kimball did not address how the DW is built like Inmon, but instead he concentrated on the functionality of a DWRead MoreEconomic Development in India7323 Words   |  30 Pagesindicates that the cultural characteristics that can foster successful entrepreneurial activities and its related economic benefits are a strong education base, the necessary financial support, opportunities for networking among entrepreneurs, and a well-defined, minimal role for the government. In the case of India specifically, an emphasis upon entrepreneurial activities in the information technology sector also seems relevant. Consider first the need for a strong education base. The study of 21 nations

Julia Serano, Whipping Girl Book Review Free Essays

I found this book as disturbing but yet inspiring as well. This book is about a transsexual male to female. Transsexual is a person who has undergone a sex change operation whose sexual identification is entirely with the opposite sex. We will write a custom essay sample on Julia Serano, Whipping Girl Book Review or any similar topic only for you Order Now I could say that the book is disturbing because as I go through words and sentences, images keep showing up in my head. He was discriminated because of his change of sex and his behavior (girly boy). Being discriminated didn’t let him to keep being all sad and sorrow. He stopped himself for being let down by people around him. He really is a brave man for writing the book. In this book, he writes about his experience and his feelings. I could not imagine if I was he. I could not imagine what does it feels like to be in his shoe. After reading the book, I was inspired by him. I think that people need to stop judging and stop discriminating. Everyone either transsexual or normal, we need to be treated the same way. Transsexuals are human too. They have feelings and thoughts. They could be hurt just like the normal people. Normal people don’t have the rights to bully just because they think that they are more superior to people like them and try to make them feel like they are the outsiders and make them feel inferior. I did some research and found this video on YouTube. The video is about a transsexual woman, Samantha Lauzon. I think he is the first transsexual ever who has to courage to finally speak out about he life. On the video Samantha Lauzon said that he didn’t understand his body and thoughts and Samantha Lauzon didn’t know what he was doing. As a child he got bullied and attempted suicide. But finally he realized that he was wrong and he finally realizes the need to change in order for him to be happy. And it is true that as time goes by, it gets better. All the things that happened are really sick and sad. People need to know about them and how they feel. Its people’s job to try to understand transsexuals either from male to female or female to male. It is their job to educate themselves. Ending your life is never the answer. Suicide is the permanent answer or solution to a temporary problem. No matter who we are and no matter what we have accumulated and accomplished and what the position are we in our lives, one thing that we need to know and is certain; you will die and only God knows when. In other words, suicide is really a bad way to solve a problem. One thing that people need to know is; we need to be realistic and true to ourselves. There will always be people who judge us for one thing or another. We are rich or poor or tall or short or fat or thin. What matters is our own self-image. How we see ourselves is what matters no matter what gender you are. To keep a healthy outlook and know that no matter what anyone says you were in fact meant to be here on this earth right now right here just the way you are. Trans, Gay,? Bi or anything. What makes you different makes you special believe that and pass it on the other people. How to cite Julia Serano, Whipping Girl Book Review, Papers

Advertising To Children free essay sample

Children between the ages Of six and ten have a crucial shift in their cognitive skills. At the age of six, they are starting to actually reason in the commonsense meaning of the word. Because of this, children that are younger than eight years old are cognitively and psychologically defenseless against advertising (Children). Also if a child is below the ages of 4-?5 years do not always classify programs from commercial content, even when program/commercial operation devices, like we will be back after these messages are used. Along with that, most children younger than 7-8 years of age do not recognize the persuasive intent of commercial appeals. This means that they do not really understand the concept of advertisements and that its all just a way for the company to keep having their products on the market and keep the face value up. The marketing and advertising business know this and they use it to their advantage by manipulating children that dont have the means to make their own decisions yet. We will write a custom essay sample on Advertising To Children or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Children view about 40,000 ads per year in just N.This occurs despite the fact that the Childrens Television Act of 1 990 which limits the ads on childrens programming to 10. 5 minutes/hour on weekends and 12 minutes/hour on weekdays. However, much of childrens viewing occurs during prime time, which features nearly 1 6 minutes/hour of advertising. This shows that even though there is a law in place to help protect children, most children watch shows that arent on the childrens program. However, the Internet has become big with the younger population as well. Industries have noticed this as well and are starting to take advantage of this.In 2002 alone, $21. 6 million was spent on Internet banner ads. This increases the amount of ads children are exposed to now. With TV and the Internet, children under the age of 8 are even easier to target. With all these advertisements, children are influenced to buy the things they see, especially if they are under the age of 12. This is because they influence the parents to buy the product by any means; mean inning crying or throwing a tantrum. Since this happens, children under the age of 12 and teens influence arenas to spend over a total of $130-670 billion a year.To look further into the number, children 11 years and younger spend about $18 billion a year. Children between the ages of 8 and 12 spend about $30 billion a year and teens spend around $160 billion a year. A way to resolve this would be to restrict the advertisements that are primarily directed to the younger audiences. This will help reduce the factors where they are being manipulated as just an early age where they dont even have the means to help them recognize commercials or to recognize the ace that these commercials are place there to persuade them to buy the product. Just like how some of the Western countries have done. For example, Sweden and Norway forbid all advertising directed at children younger than 12 years, Greece bans toy advertising until after 10 PM, and Denmark and Belgium severely restrict advertising aimed at children. Also parents can set a limit on how much their child can watch TV. This will decrease the amount of ads that the child is exposed to and decrease the amount of manipulation that is going on in the childs brain. References Children, Adolescents, and Advertising. (n. D. ).

The Parthenon Analysis Essay Example For Students

The Parthenon Analysis Essay The ParthenonThe Parthenon in Athens is perhaps one of the greatest architectural achievements by the Athenians. After being repeatedly demolished, the Parthenon stood as a â€Å"symbol of Greek independence, culture, and pride†(111 Thames Hudson). In 447 BC. Pericles promoted building the Parthenon on the remains of an earlier temple on the Acropolis. The proposal of the Parthenon pleased the Athenians because â€Å"it served as much as a celebration of Athens and her achievements as it did as a centre to worship the goddess Athena†(111 Thames Hudson). The new temple to Athena was â€Å"sacked by the Persians†(187 Abrams), so Kimon of Athens hired Callicrates to again begin rebuilding the temple to Athena. But, Pericles temporarily halted construction to commission another architect, Ictinos. So, together Callicrates and Ictinos â€Å"made many subtle adjustments in the lines of the structure and the placement of columns to refine the design and possibly to c ounteract the effects of various optical illusions that would otherwise seem to distort its (The Parthenon) appearance when it was viewed from a distance†(188 Abrams). This is why the Parthenon is so achtecturaly amazing. Besides its shear size, the materials used were very heavy and difficult to work with, yet the Parthenon interior cella and exterior and astoundingly flawless. With the exception of the timber roof supports, the entire Parthenon was built from marble â€Å"from the quarries of Mt. Pentelicon†(112 Thames Hudson). After such struggles, it is not hard to imagine why the Parthenon was so important to the Athenians. We will write a custom essay on The Parthenon Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Arts Essays

How Graduate Admission Committees Evaluate Applications

How Graduate Admission Committees Evaluate Applications Graduate programs receive dozens or even hundreds of applications and many are from students with stellar qualifications. Can admissions committees and departments really draw distinctions among hundreds of applicants? A competitive program that receives a large number of applications, such as a doctoral program in clinical  psychology, may receive up to 500 applications. Admissions committees for competitive graduate programs break the review process into several steps. First Step: Screening Does the applicant meet the minimum requirements? Standardized test scores? GPA? Relevant experience? Is the application complete, including admissions essays and recommendation letters? The purpose of this initial review is to ruthlessly weed out applicants. Second Step: First Pass Graduate programs vary, but many competitive programs send batches of applications to faculty for an initial review. Each faculty member may review a set of applications and identify those with promise. Third Step: Batch Review In the next step batches of applications are sent to two to three faculty. At this stage, applications are evaluated with regard to motivation, experience, documentation (essays, letters), and overall promise. Depending on the size of the program and applicant pool the resulting set of applicants is reviewed by a larger set of faculty, or interviewed, or accepted (some programs do not conduct interviews). Fourth Step: Interview Interviews may be conducted by phone or in-person. Applicants are evaluated with regard to their academic promise, thinking and problem-solving skills, and social competence. Both faculty and graduate students evaluate applicants. Final Step: Post Interview and Decision Faculty meet, gather evaluations, and make admissions decisions. The specific process varies depending on the size of the program and number of applicants. Whats the takeaway message? Make sure that your application is complete. If youre missing a recommendation letter, essay, or transcript, your application will not make it through the initial screening.

ESL Phrases for Performing Well in Business Meetings

ESL Phrases for Performing Well in Business Meetings One of the most common requirements of business English is holding meetings in English. The following sections provide useful language and phrases for conducting meetings and making contributions to a meeting. Conducting a Meeting These phrases are useful if you need to run  a meeting. Opening Good morning/afternoon, everyone.If we are all here, lets get started / start the meeting / start. Welcoming and Introducing Please join me in welcoming (name of participant)Were pleased to welcome (name of participant)Id like to extend a warm welcome to (name of participant)Its a pleasure to welcome (name of participant)Id like to introduce (name of participant) Stating the Principal Objectives Were here today to ...Id like to make sure that we ...Our main aim today is to ...Ive called this meeting in order to ... Giving Apologies for Someone Who is Absent Im afraid.., (name of participant) cant be with us today. She is in...Unfortunately, (name of participant) ... will not be with us to day because he ...I have received apologies for absence from (name of participant), who is in (place). Reading the Minutes (notes) of the Last Meeting To begin with Id like to quickly go through the minutes of our last meeting.First, lets go over the report from the last meeting, which was held on (date)Here are the minutes from our last meeting, which was on (date) Dealing with Recent Developments Jack, can you tell us how the XYZ project is progressing?Jack, how is the XYZ project coming along?John, have you completed the report on the new accounting package?Has everyone received a copy of the Tate Foundation report on current marketing trends? Moving Forward So, if there is nothing else we need to discuss, lets move on to todays agenda.Shall we get down to business?Is there Any Other Business?If there are no further developments, Id like to move on to todays topic. Introducing the Agenda Have you all received a copy of the agenda?There are X items on the agenda. First, ... second, ... third, ... lastly, ...Shall we take the points in this order?If you dont mind, Id like to go in order today.skip item 1 and move on to item 3I suggest we take item 2 last. Allocating Roles (secretary, participants) (name of participant) has agreed to take the minutes.(name of participant), would you mind  taking the minutes?(name of participant) has kindly agreed to give us a report on ...(name of participant) will lead point 1, (name of participant) point 2, and (name of participant) point 3.(name of participant), would you mind taking notes today? Agreeing on the Ground Rules for the Meeting (contributions, timing, decision-making, etc.) We will first hear a short report on each point first, followed by a discussion of ...I suggest we go round the table first.Lets make sure we finish by ...Id suggest we ...There will be five minutes for each item.Well have to keep each item to 15 minutes. Otherwise well never get through. Introducing the First Item on the Agenda So, lets start with ...Id suggest we start with...Why dont we start with...So, the first item on the agenda isPete, would you like to kick off?Shall we start with ...(name of participant), would you like to introduce this item? Closing an Item I think that takes care of the first item.Shall we leave that item?Why dont we move on to...If nobody has anything else to add, lets ... Next Item Lets move onto the next itemNow that weve discussed X, lets now ...The next item on todays agenda is...Now we come to the question of. Giving Control to the Next Participant Id like to hand over to (name of participant), who is going to lead the next point.Next, (name of participant) is going to take us through ...Now, Id like to introduce (name of participant) who is going to ... Summarizing Before we close todays meeting, let me just summarize the main points.Let me quickly go over todays main points.To sum up, ...,.OK, why dont we quickly summarize what weve done today.In brief, ...Shall I go over the main points? Keeping the Meeting On Target (time, relevance, decisions) Were running short of time.Well, that seems to be all the time we have today.Please be brief.Im afraid weve run out of time.Im afraid thats outside the scope of this meeting.Lets get back on track, why dont we?Thats not really why were here today.Why dont we return to the main focus of todays meeting.Well have to leave that to another time.Were beginning to lose sight of the main point.Keep to the point, please.I think wed better leave that for another meeting.Are we ready to make a decision? Finishing Up Right, it looks as though weve covered the main items.If there are no other comments, Id like to wrap this meeting up.Lets bring this to a close for today.Is there Any Other Business? Suggesting and Agreeing on Time, Date and Place for the Next Meeting Can we set the date for the next meeting, please?So, the next meeting will be on ... (day), the . . . (date) of.. . (month) at ...Lets next meet on ... (day), the . . . (date) of.. . (month) at ... What about the following Wednesday? How is that? Thanking Participants for Attending Id like to thank Marianne and Jeremy for coming over from London.Thank you all for attending.Thanks for your participation. Closing the Meeting The meeting is finished, well see each other next ...The meeting is closed.I declare the meeting closed. Meeting Participation Vocabulary The following phrases are used to participate in a meeting. These phrases are useful for expressing your ideas and giving input during  a meeting. Getting the Chairpersons Attention (Mister/Madam) chairman.May I have a word?If I may, I think...Excuse me for interrupting.May I come in here? Giving Opinions Im positive that...I (really) feel that...In my opinion...The way I see things...If you ask me,... I tend to think that... Asking for Opinions Are you positive that...Do you (really) think that...(name of participant) can we get your input?How do you feel about...? Commenting Thats interesting.I never thought about it that way before.Good point!I get your point.I see what you mean. Agreeing I totally agree with you.Exactly!Thats (exactly) the way I feel.I have to agree with (name of participant). Disagreeing Unfortunately, I see it differently.Up to a point I agree with you, but...(Im afraid) I cant agree Advising and Suggesting Lets...We should...Why dont you....How/What about...I suggest/recommend that... Clarifying Let me spell out...Have I made that clear?Do you see what Im getting at?Let me put this another way...Id just like to repeat that... Requesting Information Please, could you...Id like you to...Would you mind...I wonder if you could... Asking for Repetition Im afraid I didnt understand that. Could you repeat what you just said?I didnt catch that. Could you repeat that, please?I missed that. Could you say it again, please?Could you run that by me one more time? Asking for Clarification I dont quite follow you. What exactly do you mean?Im afraid I dont quite understand what your are getting at.Could you explain to me how that is going to work?I dont see what you mean. Could we have some more details, please? Asking for Verification You did say next week, didnt you? (did is stressed)Do you mean that...?Is it true that...? Asking for Spelling Could you spell that, please?Would you mind spelling that for me, please? Asking for Contributions We havent heard from you yet, (name of participant).What do you think about this proposal?Would you like to add anything, (name of participant)?Has anyone else got anything to contribute?Are there any more comments? Correcting Information Sorry, I think you misunderstood what I said.Sorry, thats not quite right.Im afraid you dont understand what Im saying.Thats not quite what I had in mind.Thats not what I meant. Meeting Format Meetings generally follow a more or less similar structure and can be divided into the following parts: I - Introductions Opening the MeetingWelcoming and Introducing ParticipantsStating the Principal Objectives of a MeetingGiving Apologies for Someone Who is Absent II - Reviewing Past Business Reading the Minutes (notes) of the Last MeetingDealing with Recent Developments III - Beginning the Meeting Introducing the AgendaAllocating Roles (secretary, participants)Agreeing on the Ground Rules for the Meeting (contributions, timing, decision-making, etc.) IV - Discussing Items Introducing the First Item on the AgendaClosing an ItemNext ItemGiving Control to the Next Participant V - Finishing the Meeting SummarizingFinishing UpSuggesting and Agreeing  on Time, Date and Place for the Next MeetingThanking Participants for AttendingClosing the Meeting

655 Research outline and citations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

655 Research outline and citations - Assignment Example Moreover, they build one’s morale and the ability to work in a team boosting the leadership skills that the contemporary world so desire. As the societies are becoming litigious, it is important to integrate the aspect of ethics into the volunteer programs. The case will help to bolster an understanding toward the expectations of the communities. Besides, the level of ethics incorporated into the volunteer activities will accentuate the levels of open-mindedness, realism, and the extent of being informed. Further, the situation will guide professional development due interactions with many people from diverse settings (Samuel, Wolf & Schilling, 2013). In the contemporary arena, many people aspire to give back to their communities. Volunteering in a myriad of activities helps in the realization of this situation. The volunteer activities bring moments of happiness into the other people’s lives through helping them achieve what they desire (Angood, 2015). Similarly, long-term volunteer activities have lots of rewards to the doer as they satisfy their emotional and spiritual conceptions (Dekker, 2003). Moreover, the beneficiaries will have their social lives enhanced and a there will be a smile left after termination of the volunteer activities. The volunteers will have better social and relational skills, gain experience, build confidence, and retain their physical health (Jenkinson, 2013). Compounded in leadership, volunteerism should build on the principles such as; having a realization that missions motivate while maintenance does not. In this context, the organizations such as the ODNRA need to develop strong missions and mission statements that help and guide the volunteers in the execution of their duties and responsibilities (Volunteer Government, 2015). Also, as a leader, one should avoid falling prey to the trap of a generalist or a specialist. Contextually, the leader must have it in mind that the sole duty is to influence and not to

The Debates over Environment, Population and Industrial Growth Essay

The Debates over Environment, Population and Industrial Growth - Essay Example It is the environment that form proper catchment areas for water and provide means through which production is possible. Economic growth on the other side relates to a quantitative change in human lives in relation to population growth rate, education, poverty eradication, social systems and sanitation. Debates have been developed in the past which have centred in eradication of poverty, reduction of human population and others geared towards economic growth in the past especially in the less developed states of the world. However, the change and effects out of the discussions therein is yet to be seen and even so to be acknowledged. Industrial growth is an economic issue in most states affected by high rates of population growth, deficits in the balance of payments, poverty, education, research and development among other issues. Politics in any state and the cultural intake significantly impact on the ways issues in growth and development are carried out as debates on these issues rotate around them. It is the cultural content and belief that determines the need to conserve the environment, control population or even to contribute to the economic growth. The political contributions of the state also determine the extent of measures taken to eliminate stagnation and promote industrial growth. The paper seeks to show how debates on environment, industrial growth and population are politically and culturally driven. Environmental debate Politics have been used in most cases to drive desired change in certain cases. Environment preservation and the issue of global warming has been a serious problem globally and most states have come together to set parameters of control. Leaders in many countries have had debates and set standards towards such effects, which have not been realized or little effort has been done to mitigate such issues. Issues of urbanization, overgrazing, population growth and settlement in water catchment areas are related to the environment as well as pollution which still remains to be a key area. Proper control measures of pollution of the surroundings and policies set in most states are yet to be well implanted. All this is affected by the political stand and the cultural diversity which are centred in the region affected by such problems. Politicians have gained opportunities both positively and negatively to mitigate such problems and provide a way forward some for their own selfish gains. Debates held in the past years concerning environment have been captured and brought forward by contestants for considerations by the public. Such issues in relation to the environment have been used by political leaders to gain power and stand against opponents with little change been done. Some have held false promises with regard to environmental protection with several related to the road network preparation and construction, water and sanitation improvement, waste disposal, human settlement only to go back upon their words the moment their dreams are achieved. Measures and policies put and implemented on pollution of the environment are easily waiver by key political leaders and some laws made favour vital sectors believed to be led by key elements in governments. Funds for environs control even through donations have been misappropriated through campaigns especially in the lees developed states. Politics is thus a key issue on which debates

Palladio and Michelangelo Essay Example for Free

Palladio and Michelangelo Essay Two great architects of their own period are Palladio and Michelangelo. They served as the foundations upon which several architectural pieces today are established and formed. The architectural works that they have still influenced the society that people live in today especially with the majestic architectural ideas that flow from their works. Palladio has, in the architectural designs established, done very little to promote the culture of Mannerism in the said field and even went to the opposite by advocating for a more dense approach to architecture that leaned away from the characteristics of Mannerism. There is an adherence to this as Palladio even went for the survey of the ancient themes of architecture and represented this (Cooper 15; Piccolotto, Shahinian, Balassanian 146). On the other hand, it is Michelangelo that advocated for Mannerism. This is incorporated in his works when he supervised the reconstruction of the St. Peter’s Cathedral and the Capitoline Hill, both in Rome (Strickland Boswell 37). However, it could be discerned that both individuals’ architecture are placed in the setting of Europe and existed in the same period. Both are pioneers and served as the great influence for other architectures during their time and they have their own set of followers. Likewise, a distinct emphasis is placed by these two persons on the nature of their architecture. It can be said that the differences of Palladio and Michelangelo is on the approach that they have and the similarities is on the impact they created for the field of architecture.

What Makes Islam, Islam? :: Islam

Religion can be viewed from many different perspectives. People throughout the world hold different religious values. One person’s religious value will not match the religious values of another person. Globalization as a whole has affected the way we view the different religions and our feelings towards them; it has moved towards a more symbolic representation of ideologies. Many have come to believe that the west is more superior to others. Martha Crenshaw argues that globalization is a key driver of terrorism because there is a comparison between countries having less access to means of production and others having more access. Furthermore, most religions go against each other’s beliefs and as for Islam; they have neglected the ideologies of the west. In order to understand how religious values are interconnected is through language games; we think in certain ways because of issues of power. There is a strong belief that Islam and politics are directly tied. They are tied in the sense that the building blocks of the religion dictate how they ought to behave in the political environment. Through this mandatory follow up behavior that the religion delineates, many have come to believe that its teachings are a form of terrorism. Mandaville argues that what has challenged the Islamic link between politics and religion was the emergence of secularism, which went against the belief that politics and religion could go together. Islam has been a religion that has been accused of supporting terrorist activities in the world. Different assumptions have been brought up to understand better the linkages between what really lies behind the Islam religion and politics. Peter Mandaville argues that Islam is dynamic and that it has changed over time; situated within time and politics. Through day-to-day knowledge of what is happening in the world there is observable evidence that Islamic followers have employed different techniques to proclaim ‘power’. The techniques being employed are basically inflicting pain in the opponent by methods of kidnapping, hijackings, and recruiting members (such as Al-Qaeda in the Middle East) in order to make them a more powerful and a more appealing group in their societies. According to Mandaville, Islam is directly linked to politics (they cannot be separated); Muslims wanted to challenge new technological innovations as well as new institutions without forgetting about their religious values. Mandaville proclaims an important aspect of the Islamic religion. During the Ottoman Empire many Muslims gained important power and began to interact with Europeans in order to move into a more modern system; but times have changed.

A charity appeal letter for Action Against Hunger

I am the director of a company called Action against Hunger which You may have heard of, I am writing to you to ask your generosity and kindness to those less fortunate than you. I am hoping that you can spare a small amount of time to read my letter, and consider making a donation. You may be thinking that this is just another junk letter asking for money for a worthless cause, but we need your help. Firstly, Action against hunger is an organisation that helps children and adults all around the world suffering from malnutrition Action against Hunger’s vision is of a world without hunger. A world in which all children and adults have sufficient food and water, equitable access to the resources that sustain life, and are able to attain these with dignity. Our mission is to save lives by eliminating hunger through the prevention, detection and treatment of malnutrition, especially during and after emergency situations of conflict, war and natural disaster. From crisis to sustainability, we tackle the underlying causes of malnutrition and its effects. By integrating our programmes with local and national systems we further ensure that short-term interventions become long-term solutions. As you can see, we do a lot of things for people that are less fortunate than us, and we need all the donation we can get to keep this going. Your support is immensely powerful. Regardless of the amount, it enables our field workers to save lives, feeding children on the brink of death, helping isolated and vulnerable communities, and providing families with clean and safe drinking water. You can change a person’s life. So why wait? Furthermore, the expected rains across large areas of the region (including north east Kenya and large parts of Somalia) have failed, leading to an severe food crisis. Thousands of families, including around 70,000 children, have been forced to flee the drought-stricken homes to survive, with many joining overcrowded refugee camps. What if you were in this position? And you were the one begging for food. They do need your help, or the worse could happen. No person was born to die. So help fight global hunger!

Economic recession Essay

Economic recession is a period of economic decline; it means that there is a drop in the stock market, and an increase in unemployment but also a decline in the housing market. It also means that in Tourism, the residents of UK will have to will choose to holiday at home as the http://www. independent. co. uk infers ‘’ Grounded by the diminishing value of the pound and fears about the recession, record numbers of Britons will choose to holiday at home this summer. ‘’ Source – http://www. independent. co. uk/news/business/analysis-and-features/its-an-ill-wind-uk-tourism-finds-recession-is-so-bracing-1522542. html Additionally, the research by Visit Britain, the tourism authority, has shown that 74 % of people are trying to reduce their holiday spending, and are spending more time planning their trips to maximize value, a cottage in Britain where you can just pack the car up and take all your own food suggests that you’ve got greater control. However reducing the holiday spending is not the major problem, as there has been a big change in visits to Britain – official figures have revealed that the number of tourists who visited the UK from overseas in 2009 suffered a 7% decline on the previous year to 29.57 million. The data from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) also showed that the number of UK residents who made trips abroad fell 15% last year to 58. 53 million. But visitors to the UK spent around ? 16. 48 billion, or 1% more last year than they did in 2008, a contrast to UK residents’ expenses while abroad, which amounted to ? 31. 85 billion – a 14% fall on figures from 2008. The recession also had an impact on the number of trips UK residents took abroad last year. The figure fell 16% to 38. 44 million, while business trips were down 22% and visits to friends and relatives (VFR) abroad fell 7%. By contrast, more foreigners visited the UK on holiday, with the numbers rising 3% last year, although the overall total suffered with business trips falling 20%. The ONS also recorded a fall of 10% in the number of VFR trips to the UK last year. Records also reveal that UK residents took 21% fewer trips to North America last year and 15% fewer trips to Europe. Source – http://www. statistics. gov. uk/hub/index. html Source – http://uk. reuters. com/article/2009/07/16/us-britain-travel-idUKTRE56F3FX20090716 QUALITY OF GOOD AND SERVICES Most visitors that come to United Kingdom have clear expectations about what they must pay for, but most of all; they are hoping that the quality of what they pay for is worth their money. The concept of value for money is closely related to price but also involves other quality criteria. The English Tourism Council’s has set up star rating that let the visitors to be informed before they book accommodation to recognise quality and to differentiate levels of facilities and services which as potential guests they can expect, so that it can help them to match their needs and ensure they are not disappointed. The star rating gives an overall judgement of quality including comfort, space, facilities, and cleanliness, and can be used by both domestic and inbound tourits. One star indicates that the place is acceptable overall of quality. There is also adequate provision of furniture, furnishings, and fittings. Hotels that have only one star are usually small, and privately owned. Dinner may not be offered. Two star hotels are also usually small, and privately owned, including resort hotels, and commercial hotels. Accommodation offers a good degree of space and convenience. Furnishings may be simple but are well maintained in all the bedrooms. Breakfast is offered daily to residents and their guests. Dinner is available at least five nights per week. Three star hotels indicates that it is a more formal style of hotel with a greater range of facilities and services such as colour television, telephones, radios, desk etc. There are also public areas including lounge seating, restaurants or bars. Dinner will be provided seven nights per week and light snack lunches are available in the bar or lounge, together with a wide range of drinks. Additionally, there’s also laundry service available. Four star hotels infers that there is a luxury quality with services to match, for example, there is a selection of catering options all offering cuisine and service of the highest international quality. There is also highly trained, professional staff providing exceptional levels of anticipatory service. Source – http://www. britainexpress. com/oxford-hotels/star-ratings. htm EXCHANGE RATES The value of one currency against another currency is known as the foreign exchange rate. Exchange rates are an important factor in determining patterns of holiday taking, as any rise in the value of the pound will encourage outbound tourism, particularly if it involves the leading destinations countries. The value of the pound, or sterling, against another currency affects the cost of coming here for inbound tourists. It can affect negatively if it is more expensive to visit UK, but also can affect positively it is cheaper to visit UK. It is more likely that the appeal to tourist will increase when sterling is weak, as they will get more pounds for their money. Conversely, if sterling is strong, overseas visitors get less pounds in exchange for their money and are less likely to want to come here. In recent years sterling has been very strong against the dollar, or the dollar has been weak against sterling – which amounts to the same thing. This has meant that it has been relatively cheap for UK outbound tourists to visit the United States and more expensive for Americans to come to the UK. As VisitBritain. org have suggested that due to the dollar being weak against sterling, America perceived United Kingdom, as an expensive place to visit – the cost of accommodation, transport, and food has been highlighted by Americans as being really high priced. If the pas is riding high against most other currencies, it allows the British to budget for their holidays abroad with unusual freedom of choice, because the UK holidaymakers get much more for their money. For example, the rate of exchange with the Spanish peseta, the French franc, and the US dollar influences over 60 % of the holidays taken abroad by the British. The exchange rates depend on the strength or the weakness of sterling but they are also affected by the internal strength of currencies in main destination countries like France or Spain. At the moment the strenght of the pound sterling against other currencies looks as following Source  http://fx-rate.net/

Free Essays on Poe - Insanity In His Characters

Poe uses a myriad of settings and plots in his stories and poems. The common thread is that his narrators appear to be insane. This is exhibited in â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†, â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart†, and â€Å"The Black Cat.† Montressor, the narrator of â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† exhibits insanity. At the beginning of the story, Montressor speaks with intense anger and remorse. The reader is then told that the incident occurred fifty years ago. Obviously, a person who would hold a grudge for fifty years so strongly that he desires to kill a man, this narrator has psychological problems. Also, the way that Montressor meticulously planned out the murder of Fortunato shows that he is obsessive and has psychological problems. The murder that Montressor killed him, by chaining him up to a wall and building a wall around him, is a warped, cruel way to kill him. Montressor exhibits insanity in â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado.† The second narrator that exhibits insanity is the anonymous narrator of â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart.† The narrator was driven to callous murder of the poor elderly man because of a strange eye. The narrator even doubts his own insanity stating, â€Å"But why will you say that I am mad?† (Poe) Yet the irony is, had not the narrator immediately assumed that he had to defend himself against us thinking that he is mad, that in itself promoted the very idea to the reader, that he is mad. He later on states, â€Å"Now this is the point. You fancy me mad,† (Poe) confirming the initial hypothesis that he is insane. At the conclusion of the story, the narrator is arrested by the authorities because he imagines hearing a heart beat that no one else hears. The anonymous narrator of â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† is without a doubt insane. The third narrator that exhibits insanity is the anonymous narrator of â€Å"The Black Cat.† The author begins the story stating, â€Å"I neither expect nor so... Free Essays on Poe - Insanity In His Characters Free Essays on Poe - Insanity In His Characters Poe uses a myriad of settings and plots in his stories and poems. The common thread is that his narrators appear to be insane. This is exhibited in â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†, â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart†, and â€Å"The Black Cat.† Montressor, the narrator of â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† exhibits insanity. At the beginning of the story, Montressor speaks with intense anger and remorse. The reader is then told that the incident occurred fifty years ago. Obviously, a person who would hold a grudge for fifty years so strongly that he desires to kill a man, this narrator has psychological problems. Also, the way that Montressor meticulously planned out the murder of Fortunato shows that he is obsessive and has psychological problems. The murder that Montressor killed him, by chaining him up to a wall and building a wall around him, is a warped, cruel way to kill him. Montressor exhibits insanity in â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado.† The second narrator that exhibits insanity is the anonymous narrator of â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart.† The narrator was driven to callous murder of the poor elderly man because of a strange eye. The narrator even doubts his own insanity stating, â€Å"But why will you say that I am mad?† (Poe) Yet the irony is, had not the narrator immediately assumed that he had to defend himself against us thinking that he is mad, that in itself promoted the very idea to the reader, that he is mad. He later on states, â€Å"Now this is the point. You fancy me mad,† (Poe) confirming the initial hypothesis that he is insane. At the conclusion of the story, the narrator is arrested by the authorities because he imagines hearing a heart beat that no one else hears. The anonymous narrator of â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† is without a doubt insane. The third narrator that exhibits insanity is the anonymous narrator of â€Å"The Black Cat.† The author begins the story stating, â€Å"I neither expect nor so...

Nutrition & ethics in criminal justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Nutrition & ethics in criminal justice - Essay Example What this means is that the areas have toxic and radioactive wastes which were left looming in after wars. When the soldiers are exposed to this kind of toxic wastes, then it is obvious that the health system of the soldiers is affected by them and this causes them to have little endurance. The toxins, when inhaled, are circulated throughout the body by blood and since the blood will be deprived of some oxygen, it is obvious that the toxins will cause the body to lose energy which it gets from the oxygenated blood (Jeremy 67). In addition to the toxic waste residues, the sand particles are also a possible cause for the weakness and fatigue among the soldiers. This is because once they inhale the sand particles, there is a likelihood that they will have respiratory problems, such as congestion. The congestion of the respiratory system causes them to stress their lungs since the body will still need the same amount of oxygen filled blood that it normally gets when breathing. Utilitarianism is a forward-looking or consequentialist theory that focuses on the outcomes or results of actions. The idea of utilitarianism stems from the claim that humans’ greatest and most natural achievement is the maximization of happiness. However, this theory does not go without fault. I has some loose ends that accommodate for its criticism. The outcomes of the utilitarian framework have to be good so that they can outweigh the negative which is punishment. For the purpose of justifying punishment, the utilitarians focus on three outcomes which are deterrence, incapacitation, and correction. Deterrence refers to the refrain from doing things simply because the consequences of doing that thing are quite unpleasant. According

Scientific Merit Form, Sections 1 E Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Scientific Merit Form, Sections 1 E - Essay Example If the SMR did not meet all of the criteria, then it should be deferred for minor or major revisions or disapproved. If final Scientific Merit Status (approved or disapproved) has been determined, please also indicate this in the final section on the form and insert your signature and date in the section at the end of the form. Over the past decade, the number of tertiary institutions that offer online courses has increased. This has created situations where faculty with skills for developing online learning (faculty-designers) are needed in greater numbers. Lack of proper instructional development skills could lead to less effective approaches for developing online courses, a practice that tends to have negative consequences on course effectiveness. Faculty-designers need basic skills and competencies in instructional development to develop effective online courses (Batts, Paglairi, Mallet & McFadden (2010). The specific topic for this research is about identifying basic skills and competencies for faculty-designers responsible for online course development. Write a brief statement that fully describes the problem being addressed and foreshadow the mixed methodology in your problem statement. Present this in one sentence or no more than one clear concise paragraph. Faculty designers are often responsible for creation, development, and management of online classes without formal preparation for performing these tasks (Carliner & Driscoll, 2009). This results in a practice where faculty-designers tend to create courses while lacking basic instructional development skills and competencies. This problem is compounded since the professional and scholarly community has not yet identified what those basic instructional design skills and competencies are for faculty-designers. Competencies and skills for faculty-designers developing online courses are embedded in instructional design theories related to content expertise,

Issues in Contemporary Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Issues in Contemporary Management - Essay Example In this essay, the most important characteristics of an effective organization and the main obstacles to effective organizational performance and the ways to overcome them are discussed. The success of an organization depends on the nature of the human resource. According to Whetton and Cameron, (2005) the most important personal qualities essential for a manager are the awareness of one's own self and ability to solve problems analytically and creatively. First and foremost quality that builds clarity in the thought process is the self awareness. Self awareness does not stop at the individual level, but the awareness of one's inner potential and capabilities as a team and as an organization. Self awareness helps to understand the customers more by taking a closer look at their lifestyle and environement as expressed by Anita Roddick in her interview about her best management practice. Cox(1994) in his work mentions that, self awareness is very essential to have a concept of self regard and worthiness to define the persons' emotional intelligence . More awareness of the person's personal values gives direction when decisions have to be made. When a person is aware o f the inner self, then they can appreciate the differences between individuals when working in a group. An effective manager feels comfortable in welcoming different viewpoints and can create a shared sense of commitment in a team. The other personal skill that has to be possessed by a manager is the ability to solve problems analytically and creatively. A manager should be able to think beyond the traditional boundaries of thought. If the manager has the ability to do so, he can create alternative solutions which are far beyond the traditional options available. Like Anita Roddick remarks, the team should not be rigid in its thought process so that the spirit of trying new ideas is killed. He should be able to combine unrelated alternatives to create an alternative solution for a problem which can create a platform for innovation. Managers in an organization are supposed to have a range of interpersonal skills like coaching, counseling, offering supportive communication, exercising influence, motivating others and managing conflicts. Of all these interpersonal skills the ability to offer supportive communication is very essential. According to Golen (1990), supportive communication is the communication that seeks to preserve a positive relationship between the communications while still addressing the problem at hand. It allows you to provide negative feedback or to resolve a difficult issue with another person and as a result can strengthen the relationship. The most important barriers to communication are the semantic barriers such as the symbols with different meanings, badly expressing the message, faulty translations, unqualified assumptions and the use of highly technical language loaded with technical jargons. There can be some psychological barriers also which include, premature evaluation which is caused by premature judgments made without proper analysis, lack of attention when the message is sent across, loss in the transmission of message and poor retention by the audience, undue reliance on the written word and ignoring the value of face to face interactions and distrust

What is the evidence of debate ideas to a critical period (CP) effect Essay

What is the evidence of debate ideas to a critical period (CP) effect and What are the flaws - Essay Example Various studies have been largely conducted with the basis of debating on this hypothesis and the ideas that affect the critical period. Subsequently, there have been studies conducted too with a view to assessing the flaws that have surrounded this hypothesis, particularly in relation to the selective overview of the theoretical issues and empirical findings that relate to the question of the second language acquisition and a person’s age (White, 2003). In this study, the concentration point shall be laid on the flaws that have been experienced with in relation to the ideas of the critical period effect. To achieve this, a degree of familiarity has been assumed on the familiarity of readers in connection to specific linguistic structures that relate to this hypothesis. Subsequently, it is assumed that the audience is well informed of the methodology in relation to the critical period effect. In discussing the critical period debate, publications that have been made on the same shall form the basis of the analysis taking into consideration the availability of the concepts that have been geared towards the support for the hypothesis. For instance, according to Birdsong (2006), an understanding into the debate of critical period effect requires that brain based data and the behavior of individuals be discussed in relation to the cognitive neuro-functioning and neurocognitive aging of persons. His first argument is that there is a demonstrably different outcome in the acquisition of a second language among adults in comparison to the acquisition of the first language among children. A departure from this basic observation is what has triggered the attempts by various researchers to seek for an understanding of the age-related effects of acquiring a second language based on the hypothesis of the critical period. According to Qingxin (2012), there is no existence of a critical/sensitive learning period for the second language. The argument

The Current Issues of Education in Cambodia

The Current Issues of Education in Cambodia Education plays very important role in the society. One country can be developed based significantly on the variety of Human resources. Anyway, the only way to get rid of Human Resources is Education. Thus, people have tried their best to find way to educate people in order to gain Human Resources for working and serving in the society. Cambodia is one of the countries in the world that has its own tradition of Education. Thus, how did Cambodia produce its human resources in the past? A system of education has been in place in Cambodia since at least the thirteenth century. This traditional education system was centered on local temples and involved teaching students about the foundations of religion, basic literacy, and skills such as carpentry that were relevant to the rural life of most Cambodians. While this nonformal system endured after the arrival of the French in Cambodia, it was gradually replaced by a Westernized educational model. The French authorities did not pursue this modern education system with any great enthusiasm and seemed unwilling to devote the educational resources that were needed to meet local demand. The educational heritage of the colonial period in Cambodia was the importation of the Western idea of a formal school system and the gradual undermining of its traditional counterpart. The colonial era introduced to Cambodians the idea that education could lead to upward social mobility. It was a realization that led to extraordinary demand for access to education in the years that immediately followed independence. There were so many problems existed in education sector in Cambodia and it is still remain existing in present day such as the inequality of participation between boy and girl at school poor attendance by girls at school, widespread difficulties in communications; the problems of hygiene and water supply within education facilities, and lack of trained educational personnel. The countrys teachers, who are grossly underpaid, have resorted to charging their students unofficial fees. Many are spending less time in the classroom as they seek additional employment elsewhere. Almost 20 percent of students in urban areas, and 26 percent in rural areas, have repeated at least one grade at school. From every one thousand students who begin primary school, only twenty-seven will graduate from upper secondary school. Girls, students from remote areas, and the poor are all grossly underrepresented in education statistics. With these significant problems as a backdrop, and the school-age populat ion continuing to grow, the Cambodian government still denies the education sector the funding it needs to realize its important role in Cambodian society. The education system in Cambodia continues to be overwhelmed by many difficulties, including an acute shortage of qualified teaching staff, poor morale due to low salary levels and lack of suitable teaching materials. Attendance at school remains limited in rural areas since children are often expected to stay at home and help their families in the fields. What methodology did Cambodia use in Education? Cambodia conducted the teacher-centered in teaching and this methodology keep conducting until the last few decades which there were some changes in Education Curriculum. In the past, students were strictly forced to learn by their teachers and most of time they were punished by various activities including violent. Therefore, many students were frighten and afraid of their teachers and finally decided to drop out of school. Nowadays, student-center methods are accepted but it not completely implemented effectively due to the lack of qualified trainers and teaching aids. II. Biography of Friedrich Froebel Life of Friedrich Froebel Friedrich Froebel, a German Philosopher, was born on April 21, 1782 in Oberweissback, Germany; Friedrich was the youngest of six children. Friedrichs mother died when he was still an infant, and his father, a pastor, left him to care for himself. When he was ten years old, his uncle took over his care. As a young child, Friedrich Froebel spent a lot of time playing alone in the gardens around his home. This led to a love and respect of nature that would remain throughout his adult life. In 1797, Froebel attended school to learn about forestry, geometry, land surveying, and valuation; and by 1802, he was working as a forester. Ever the student, Friedrich attended Frankfurt University to study architecture, and later, began teaching under Johann J. Pestalozzi, a well respected educator of the day. Pestalozzi welcomed the poor into his school, including orphans. He believed that children needed to be active in their own learning. Froebel died on the 21st June 1852. Work of Friedrich Frobel It was at Frankfurt, where he was studying architecture that he developed some relationship with the Director of a Model School. This director discovered that true field for Frobel was education. Then Frobel was advised to give up architecture and join the Model School. Froebel found his long-missed life element and was in-expressibly happy with the job of teacher. He worked there for two years. Latter he felt that he should have more training in the teaching profession. Thus, he undertook to coach three boys of one family. He was dissatisfied with his own work so he took his wards to Pestalozzis school at Yverdun where he remained for four years. His desire for knowledge of natural science carried him in 1811 to Gottimgen University whence he went to Berlin. Two years later, his university studies were interrupted as he joined the Army. Military experience showed him the value of discipline and united action. In 1814, he returned from military and became a keeper of the Museum in Be rlin. But he still kept thinking about becoming an educator. In 1816, he opened a small school which became a successful institution in 10 years. He published a book about The Education of Man which was very great work of him. Froebel opened a school in Switzerland in 1830. The Swiss Government took advantage of his presence and sent their teachers to him for instruction. Soon he moved to Burgdorf to run an orphanage and to superintend the training of teachers for short time courses of three months. In these conferences with the teachers, he learnt that the schools suffered as they did not get good raw material the educand. This he believed was due to no education in the pre-school age. In 1837, at the age of 55, Friedrich Froebel founded his own school and called it kindergarten, or the childrens garden. Kindergarten was a new word created by Froebel to express his vision for early childhood education: Children are like tiny flowers; they are varied and need care, but each is beautiful alone and glorious when seen in the community of peers. His Philosophy on Education Prior to Froebels kindergarten, children under the age of seven did not attend school. It was believed that young children did not have the ability to concentrate or to develop cognitive and emotional skills before this age. However, Froebel expressed his own beliefs about the importance of early education by stating that . . . because learning begins when consciousness erupts, education must also. Froebel labeled his approach to education as self-activity. This idea allows the child to be led by his or her own interests and to freely explore them. The teachers role, therefore, was to be a guide rather than lecturer. Froebels kindergarten was designed to meet each childs need for: physical activity, the development of sensory awareness and physical dexterity, creative expression, exploration of ideas and concepts, the pleasure of singing, the experience of living among others, and satisfaction of the soul Froebels school featured games, play, songs, stories, and crafts to stimulate imagination and develop physical and motor skills. The materials in the room were divided into two categories: 1. Gifts: were objects that were fixed in form such as blocks. The purpose was that in playing with the object, the child would learn the underlying concept represented by the object. 2. Occupations: allowed more freedom and consisted of things that children could shape and manipulate such as clay, sand, beads, and string. There was an underlying symbolic meaning in all that was done. Even clean up time was seen as a reminder to the child of Gods plan for moral and social order. In 1852, after a short illness, Friedrich Froebel passed away. During his lifetime, he changed the face of education in Germany, and led other educators to follow in his path. Between 1848 and 1852 thirty one kindergartens had been founded in German cities. Unlike other educational institutions, many kindergartens were open to children of all social classes and religious denominations. The teachers encouraged broadmindedness and understanding among these varied segments of the population. Froebels most important gifts to children were invaluable. He gave children respect for their intellectual and emotional, abilities and development, the classroom, and that which he needed most as a child. A teacher who took on the role of loving, supportive parents. Friedrich Froebel was truly a pioneer of Early Childhood Education, and a role model that all educators can still learn from today. III. Conclusion What is Friedrich Froebel Perspective on Education? And how did Froebels theory help Education in Cambodia to be better? In 1837, after years of trying to establish better schools for children, Froebel founded the first Child Nurture and Activity Institute, or Kindergarten. This school was designed for infants, reflecting Froebels belief that an improvement to infant education was necessary for educational reform. In spite of Prussian government opposition to kindergarten, the idea spread throughout Europe, effecting a lasting change to childrens education. Thus, we can see that, Froebel pay particular attention on the children education especially in the preschool education. In contrast, based on the history of Education in Cambodia society, people dont pay any attention to child education. Most children need to help their parents to earn the living and they are always staying at home and go to the rice field. This tradition leads Cambodia to have extremely poor educated people. Nowadays, many kindergarten schools have been established in Cambodia. People send their children to preschool for education as well as they are busy in their job and have no time to take care of them. We can see that, children who have attended in preschool education learn well and more qualified than those who didnt attend the preschool education. In short, in order to produce good human resources, Cambodia should adopt Froebels theory of Education. We should take particular attention on Children because education is the development of habits, attitudes and skills which help a man to lead a full and worthwhile life. Thus, we need to start educating them at the early stage of their life. IV. References Ayres, David M. (2005). Anatomy of a Crisis. Education, Development and Education Taneja, Vidya Ratna V.R.(2010). Educational Thought and Practice Zimmermann, Thomas Cohort 5. Course Reading. Foundations of Education(MEd103) http://hubpages.com/hub/Friedrich-Froebel-Founder-of-the-First-Kindergarten http://www.culturalprofiles.net/cambodia/Directories/Cambodia_Cultural_Profile/-36.html

The Accomplishments of Cardinal Richelieu :: European Europe History

The Accomplishments of Cardinal Richelieu Up until the mid 17th century, it was evident that France was by no means a major player in the field of European affairs. Spain was still the most powerful state as it held a dominant monopoly over European commerce and economics. However, by 1648, this power would shift, and France would come into it's own in terms of political and economic influence. The transfer of power was aided by a weakening of the Spanish Empire, along with the establishment of an increasingly strong French state. This establishment of France would begin to occur prior to the religious wars, and would be spearheaded by a strengthening of the centralized government through the development of royal absolutism. The most significant contributor to this movement was Cardinal Armand du Plessis de Richelieu, political advisor to the king, Louis XIII, and head of the French Roman Catholic Church. The Cardinal's capable leadership, ambition and strong will fortified France's move from a second rate country to a Europ ean powerhouse. During his reign as first minister, Richelieu would accomplish numerous tasks, and establish himself as a symbol of power and leadership in France. Born in Paris in 1585, Armand du Plessis de Richelieu is considered by many to have been "the most important single figure in the building of French absolutism" . Despite his role in distinguishing France on the European map, some of the Cardinal's greatest personal accomplishments lie before his reign as first minister. To best understand these accomplishments, in particular how a "middle ranking ecclesiast" of little influence would become the most successful of the King's political advisors, it is best to look into his personal background. Probably the Cardinal's greatest assets in his rise to the top were his strong ambition and will. These characteristics can be traced back to his father, Francois Richelieu, whose own ambition and military accomplishment helped gain him the reigning King's, Henry III, favor. This rise in favor, along with the establishment of important family connections, would allow Francois to "tap into royal ecclesiastical patronage" . Armand eventually benef ited from this by gaining the title of Bishop of Lucon. Unfortunately, before Richelieu's father could create any form of financial establishment, he died, and left the family in debt. However, the message he left his sons, in particular Armand, was not one of failure, but rather one of what could be accomplished when one was willing and ambitious. The Accomplishments of Cardinal Richelieu :: European Europe History The Accomplishments of Cardinal Richelieu Up until the mid 17th century, it was evident that France was by no means a major player in the field of European affairs. Spain was still the most powerful state as it held a dominant monopoly over European commerce and economics. However, by 1648, this power would shift, and France would come into it's own in terms of political and economic influence. The transfer of power was aided by a weakening of the Spanish Empire, along with the establishment of an increasingly strong French state. This establishment of France would begin to occur prior to the religious wars, and would be spearheaded by a strengthening of the centralized government through the development of royal absolutism. The most significant contributor to this movement was Cardinal Armand du Plessis de Richelieu, political advisor to the king, Louis XIII, and head of the French Roman Catholic Church. The Cardinal's capable leadership, ambition and strong will fortified France's move from a second rate country to a Europ ean powerhouse. During his reign as first minister, Richelieu would accomplish numerous tasks, and establish himself as a symbol of power and leadership in France. Born in Paris in 1585, Armand du Plessis de Richelieu is considered by many to have been "the most important single figure in the building of French absolutism" . Despite his role in distinguishing France on the European map, some of the Cardinal's greatest personal accomplishments lie before his reign as first minister. To best understand these accomplishments, in particular how a "middle ranking ecclesiast" of little influence would become the most successful of the King's political advisors, it is best to look into his personal background. Probably the Cardinal's greatest assets in his rise to the top were his strong ambition and will. These characteristics can be traced back to his father, Francois Richelieu, whose own ambition and military accomplishment helped gain him the reigning King's, Henry III, favor. This rise in favor, along with the establishment of important family connections, would allow Francois to "tap into royal ecclesiastical patronage" . Armand eventually benef ited from this by gaining the title of Bishop of Lucon. Unfortunately, before Richelieu's father could create any form of financial establishment, he died, and left the family in debt. However, the message he left his sons, in particular Armand, was not one of failure, but rather one of what could be accomplished when one was willing and ambitious.

Discuss how this idea is highlighted in Arthur Miller Essay

Arthur Miller was a playwright who dealt with many issues and themes. His play ‘The Crucible’ involves a past parallel of McCarthyism in the form of the Salem Witch Trials. McCarthyism came about when a politician named Joseph McCarthy tried to cover up his shaping of an anticommunist policy by using scapegoats. In this play, a girl named Abigail accused almost the whole town of witchcraft. This happened because in her own cunning way she turned the accusation against her, created when some girls in the town becoming ill, and used a scapegoat to avoid being hanged. She had had an affair with a local towns-person, John Proctor. The play ‘The Crucible’ deals with many issues and themes relevant both then and now. Persecution and power are probably the most influential. Persecution, by definition, is the subjecting of a group of people to cruel or unfair treatment, for example because of their ethnic origin or religious beliefs. In ‘The Crucible’ all of the prisoners were persecuted by torture i.e. stoning, or by force i.e. being put in jail. Righteousness is a thing wanted by many humans, mainly religious ones, as they want to be seen as good in the eyes of their God. This can sometimes lead to the persecution and torture of others in order to do something seen as righteous. In ‘The Crucible’ the whole role of persecution in the trials raises the debate of human cruelty in the name of righteousness. As the persecution of the prisoners is not righteous in itself, the goal it is set out to achieve is. People’s minds work today as they did then. While they carried out hunts for witches to evict them from society, we today ‘witch hunt’ for paedophiles and terrorists to exclude them. We may think it is radical today to hunt down and kill people just because of what a culture thinks but we carry on doing it to a lesser extent today. The search to uncover paedophiles is a case where people want to know who the paedophiles are in order to avoid them and even hurt them and punish them for what they have done and to maintain a social order. Witchcraft is not a bad practice but the people back then saw it as Satanism although it was not. It was conceived from the fact that illustrations of the Wicca god were found, who had horns, and bared a strong resemblance to the Christian view of Satan. That is why which craft was frowned upon, and people were hunted down in order to stop public outrage. Wise people of the day, such as Elizabeth Proctor and Reverend Hale, saw the absurdity of the ‘witch hunts’. They did not want to play a part in a system where if you confessed to being a witch, which was feared, you were set free; and if you claimed to be innocent, you were killed unnecessarily.  Among many others, these are the main sins committed in the play in this so-called holy society. Throughout the play, Abigail Williams had a hatred for Elizabeth Proctor, for she got to keep John. When Abigail realised that she held the power to destroy a person she quickly accused Elizabeth of being a witch, so she could have John for herself. However, John did not want to be with Abigail and so she ran away to avoid embarrassment and a revolt against her accusations. The innocent people who were accused of witchcraft had an obvious hatred for Abigail and the girls, as they had sentenced them to death. Abigail’s accusation of Elizabeth Proctor stemmed from the affair she had had with her husband. This showed John Proctors lack of self will with lust at the start, which he became to fear later. He feared that if he lusted after Abigail again he would have to stay with her and lose his wife and his clean name. Also he was disgusted with Abigail’s accusations in court and was disgraced that he even slept with her. Since Reverend Parris was appointed in Salem, he had done nothing but spend the collection on greedy things such as golden candlesticks. This was seen as valuing mortal possessions over God. With him being a Reverend it caused much uproar with Elizabeth Proctor and the whole community: Elizabeth † Pewter ones weren’t good enough he had to go and get gold ones†Ã‚  Her shock about the minister expressing such need for golden candlesticks was evidence to her denotation of greed and valuing possessions over God. Reverend Hale of Beverley was so proud of his reputation as a witch hunter that when he thought the accusations had got out of hand he wouldn’t speak up and protect innocent people. Rebecca Nurse likewise was so proud of her reputation in Salem that she would not confess to witchcraft to avoid being hanged. It was the extremely good reputation of Rebecca Nurse and her hanging that ended the madness. Abigail had sworn to get revenge on Elizabeth Proctor and she did, but it was pointless as she had failed to see the consequences of her actions. John would never have chosen Abigail over Elizabeth whether she was alive or dead.

Morality and Obligation Essay

1. Two preliminary steps taken, that may be necessary, before one can intui? vely appreciate the rightness of an ac? on are thinking fully about the consequences of an ac? on. In other words, think before you act. Also give thought (considera? on) to the persons involved in said ac? on or your rela? on(ship) with the persons involved. 2. An ac? on is considered morally good in addi? on to being right when it is the right thing to do, while also stemming from a good place. When the person or â€Å"agent† performs said act because it is right, from a feeling of obliga? on, a morally good act is also right. 3. According to Prichard, an ac? on done from a sense of obliga? on, there is no purpose â€Å"consis? ng either in the ac? on itself or in anything which it will produce†. A mo? ve, being something that moves one to act, can be the sense of obliga? on, an ac? on done from a sense of obliga? on can indeed have a mo? ve. 4. Avirtuous act is done from a desire that is intrinsically good. A moral act may be done from obliga? on. There can’t be an obliga? on to act virtuously, because we can only â€Å"feel an obliga? on to act† or do something. We cannot, however, feel an obliga? on to act from a certain desire 5. It is a mistake to expect moral philosophy to prove through argumenta? on that we ought to ful+ll our obliga? ons, because moral rightness â€Å"cannot be demonstrated, only apprehended directly by an act of moral thinking†. The sense of obliga? on is a result of a moral thought or thoughts. Moral philosophy can provide re-ec? on on the â€Å"immediacy of our knowledge of moral rightness† and the intui? ve recogni? on of the goodness of the virtues.